Limestone Millstones Identified at Kurrajong, NSW

aka Upper Mill, Lower Mill, Singleton's Mill, Calcarenite Limestone millstones, Norfolk Island.
Researched by Anne and Les Dollin.

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Kurrajong's Millstones are made of Limestone!

In late 2024, we made a surprising discovery about the two old millstones that have been preserved from the Singleton Family watermills at Kurrajong in New South Wales (NSW).

A very close examination of the two millstones that are on display in Memorial Park in Kurrajong revealed that they were quarried from limestone from a prehistoric coral reef!

Further intensive research suggested that they were almost certainly quarried on Norfolk Island during its First Colonial Settlement period (1788–1814).

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Limestone Millstones identified at Kurrajong!
A major new discovery

Limestone Millstones identified at Kurrajong, New South Wales, Australia – linked with Norfolk Island's First Settlement

Although many limestone millstones were quarried on Norfolk Island during its First Settlement, surviving millstones are extremely rare. Only one millstone is known to have survived on Norfolk Island; and these two millstones at Kurrajong, NSW, may be the only ones that still exist on the Australian mainland.

The two calcarenite limestone millstones from the Singleton family watermills at kurrajong NSW

Above, thanks to the work of the Kurrajong Comleroy Historical Society, the Singleton Family millstones at Kurrajong have been protected in a custom-made shelter building.

This new information suggests that the two old millstones in Memorial Park are far more significant, historically, than was previously realised.

Further Reading
• The Singleton Family watermills at Kurrajong • Norfolk Island millstones • Early flour milling on Norfolk Island • Early flour milling in Sydney • All about millstones •